Analysis of the Influence That Parameters Crookedness and Taper Have on Stack Volume by Using a 3D-Simulation Model of Wood Stacks

Felipe De Miguel-Díez,Tobias Cremer,Eduardo Tolosana-Esteban,Thomas Purfürst

doi:10.3390/f12020238

Felipe De Miguel-Díez, Tobias Cremer + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/f12020238

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Abstract

The influence that parameters crookedness and taper have on the stack volume was analyzed by using a 3D-simulation model in this study. To do so, log length, diameters at the midpoint and both ends, crookedness, bark thickness, taper and ovality were measured in 1000 logs of Scots pine. From this database, several data sets with different proportions of crooked and tapered logs in stack as well as with different degrees of taper and crookedness were created and taken as basis to simulate the stacks and carry out the analysis. The results show how the variation of these parameters influences the stack volume and provide their volume variation grades. These rates of variation were compared with measurement guidelines of some countries and previous research works. In conclusion, the parameters crookedness and taper influence the stack volume to a considerable extent. Specifically, the stack volume is increased as the crookedness degree or the proportion of crooked logs increases. In contrast, the stack volume is reduced as the taper degree or the proportion of tapered logs increases. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the capability of this simulation model to provide accurate results which can serve as a basis for future studies.

Highlights

In many countries, round wood is sold in stacks
The three different degrees represented sented in the graph correspond to the crookedness degrees represented in Table 2: high in the graph correspond to the crookedness degrees represented in Table 2: high crookedness crookedness degree corresponds to crookedness values over 20 mm/m, medium crookeddegree corresponds to crookedness values over 20 mm/m, medium crookedness degree ness degree corresponds to crookedness
From the simulation outcomes, the grade of variaof variation from the influence exerted by the different crookedness degrees and the tion from the influence exerted by the different crookedness degrees and the proportion proportion of crooked logs on the stack volume was accurately predicted

Summary

Introduction

The most important factor for the purchaser when buying in this way is to know precisely the acquired amount. There are two relevant parameters here: stack volume and solid wood content. The stack volume is normally measured by multiplying the length, width and height of a stack to obtain the cubic area occupied by the stack of wood [1]. The sectional volumetric measurement method is frequently used, there are differences between countries in terms of some points such as the section length [2]. In Europe there is no standardized stack volume measurement method. European standards recognize only the national round timber measurement and volume calculation rules of several European countries [3]

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