Abstract
The purpose of the article was to identify the socio-economic factors generated in a construction environment, which affect the number of accidents at a construction site. Moreover, the objective was to construct a mathematical model that correlates selected factors with the number of employees injured in accidents at work at a construction site, and also to estimate the influence of the identified factors on the level of occupational safety. Based on the analysis of the literature, it was stated that there are no studies describing the impact of socio-economic factors on accident rates in construction. The research included 104 factors that characterize the production value, the potential of enterprises, the generic structure of entities, and also employment and its volatility in the construction industry. In order to solve the problem, multiple regression analysis, available in the Statistica software, was applied. The developed mathematical multifactor model reflects empirical values very well, which was confirmed by the values of multiple correlation coefficients, the coefficient of determination, the adjusted coefficient of determination, as well as the mean square error and root mean square error. The construction of the model does not include qualitative factors, e.g., factors that describe the level of safety culture in the society. The developed model was used to determine the number of people injured in accidents at work. The model has certain limitations regarding its applicability. The model was developed for four selected Polish voivodeships that have a similar level of economic development and occupational safety.
Highlights
Construction is one of the most important sectors of each country’s economy
The basis for the selection of the above voivodships were the results of the research published in paper [34], which showed that these voivodships are similar in terms of the pace of development and the level of occupational safety in construction
Input data that characterize these voivodships and cover the period from 2008 to 2017 was obtained from statistical yearbooks published by the Central Statistical Office [36]
Summary
Construction works include activities such as the erection of complete building structures as well as works related to the reconstruction, extension, rebuilding, renovation, modernization, maintenance and use of permanent and temporary building structures [1]. Such a large variety of construction works, and the impact of changing implementation conditions on their course, creates a large number of hazards to employees, which in turn may lead to occupational accidents or so-called potentially accidental events. Accident rates have been declining in recent years, they are still too high and unacceptable [3,5]
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