Abstract
Transport of people and goods has always been associated with the generation of some pollution, whether atmospheric, sound or visual. Managing the urban environment presents a major challenge: preserving environmental resources and also ensuring decent living conditions for the current population and for future generations. In the era of motorized and carbonized transport, vehicles are the main source of emission of atmospheric pollutants, mainly in large urban centers and important precursors of ozone. An important advance in minimizing vehicle emissions was the introduction of cleaner and additive fuels into the Brazilian market. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the use of 0.15% dienitro on S50 Diesel in engines with EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) and S10 Diesel in engines with SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) and EGR system. The tests were performed with a gas analyzer directly on the exhaust of vehicles with engine speed of 1300 rpm. Results show CO emission reductions of 72.8, 37.9, 15.7% and NOx emission reductions of 48.0, 48.5 and 31.0%, respectively for the S50 EGR, S10 SCR and S10 EGR system. This additive has a slight increase of 1 or 1.5 points in cetane number, low vaporization enthalpy (energy to vaporize) and high combustion enthalpy, ie, Dienitro increased cetane number, faciliting the start of combustion and reducing CO. On the other hand, a fuel that releases less energy during combustion consequently produces lower temperatures within the combustion chamber, ie additives with lower combustion enthalpy have lower NOx emissions.
Highlights
The rapid urbanization over the last fifty years has already shown changes in microclimate regions and this can be associated to global climate changes
The main of this paper is to study the influence of the additive Dienitro on carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in collective transport buses to the S50 Diesel with EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) system and S10 Diesel with SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) and EGR systems
Several properties of fuels influence the emission in diesel engines
Summary
The rapid urbanization over the last fifty years has already shown changes in microclimate regions and this can be associated to global climate changes. The urbanization increased the sources of pollution and the gas emissions. Urban air quality is determined by a complex system of polluting sources that can divided into fixed (industries, burning, ovens, boilers, etc.) or mobile (motor vehicles, etc). The continuous increase in pollution sources without proper control has contributed to the increase of atmospheric emissions, constituting one of the most serious threats to the quality of life of its inhabitants, in metropolitan areas [1]. With regard to vehicular emissions, sources of important ozone precursors in cities, the expansion of the circulating fleets, associated with the technological characteristics of older vehicles and fuels in use, led to a worrying increase in polluting emissions levels [2]
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