Analysis of the influence factors and clinical indices for halitosis in end-stage renal disease patients through multiple logistic regression

Abstract

Objective To study the relationship between the influence factors and halitosis in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Methods Organoleptic scores (OS) and concentration value of ammonia were measured independently by organoleptic assessment and ninhydrin spectrophotometry. Factors such as gender, age, education, duration of dialysis, smoking history, ammonia, urea nitrogen, creatinine, salivary pH, area and thickness of tongue coating were statistically analyzed. The Logistic regression relationship of oroganolepticscores and other clinical indices was studied. Results At the level of α=0.05, the single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that four factors including the ammonia, urea nitrogen, the thickness of tongue coating and salivary pH were the risk factors of halitosis in patients with end stage renal disease. Further multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that ammonia was the most possible risk factor of halitosis in patients with end stage renal disease. Conclusion Ammonia not completely metabolized in the body of patients with end stage renal disease is the most possible risk factor of halitosis in these patients. Key words: End-stage renal disease; Ammoniac halitosis; Logistic regression