Abstract
The article presents a model of an anthropometric dummy designed for low velocity crash tests, designed in ADAMS. The model consists of rigid bodies connected with special joints with appropriately selected stiffness and damping. The simulation dummy has the appropriate dimensions, shape, and mass of individual elements to suit a 50 percentile male. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to low speed crash tests. Current dummies such as THOR and Hybrid III are used for crash tests at speeds above 40 km/h. In contrast, the low-speed test dummy currently used is the BioRID-II dummy, which is mainly adapted to the whiplash test at speeds of up to 16km/h. Thus, it can be seen that there is a gap in the use of crash test dummies. There are no low-speed dummies for side and front crash tests, and there are no dummies for rear crash tests between 16 km/h and 25 km/h. Which corresponds to a collision of a passenger vehicle with a hard obstacle at a speed of 30 km/h. Therefore, in collisions with low speeds of 20 km/h, the splash airbag will probably not be activated. The article contains the results of a computer simulation at a speed of 20 km/h vehicle out in the ADAMS program. These results were compared with the experimental results of the laboratory crash test using volunteers and the Hybrid III dummy. The simulation results are the basis for building the physical model dummy. The simulation aims to reflect the greatest possible compliance of the movements of individual parts of the human body during a collision at low speed.
Highlights
Anthropometric dummies are specialized research devices that simulate both dimensions, weight proportions, and joints in the human body [1,2]
It should be noted that in the case of comparing the results of computer simulation studies with the results of Hybrid III and volunteers, the compliance is at the level of 88%
The result in the first phase of the head movement caused by the sudden stopping of the seat is characterized by a perfect mapping of the simulation to real conditions, while in the case of the head returning to the vehicle seat, a difference of 12% is visible, which is caused by the difference in the stiffness of the seats in the computer simulation and the experiment
Summary
Anthropometric dummies are specialized research devices that simulate both dimensions, weight proportions, and joints in the human body [1,2]. Dummies are used by vehicle manufacturers and aircraft to predict potential human injuries in an accident. Current crash test dummies have built-in sensors to record data such as impact speed, crush force, bending, torque, and crash braking pressure. Anthropometric dummies are cataloged by purpose [3,4,5]. Other dummies are used for the rear, side, and front tests. They are tailored to a specific test in such a way as to collect as much information as possible
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