Analysis of the geotechnical and mineralogical characteristics of the Settat-Khouribga shale clay for potential civil engineering applications

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of clay shale from the Settat-Khouribga region, assessing its suitability for civil engineering applications through various tests. Grain size distribution, hardness (MDE, LA), and plasticity (ES 0/5, IP, VB) tests, along with consistency index evaluations following the "CSTCN" catalog, were conducted. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and mineralogical analyses identified key components such as quartz, calcite, feldspar, and iron oxide, with quartz being predominant. The results demonstrated that the shale clay is well-suited for construction purposes, exhibiting favorable grain size distribution and high resistance to wear and abrasion, which are crucial for material durability. Its low plasticity further indicates good mechanical stability in construction projects. SEM analysis revealed a microstructure dominated by quartz grains, montmorillonite, and illite lamellae, and the presence of micro fissures and pores suggests both strengths and potential durability concerns. Advanced statistical analyses, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and regression models, were employed to assess geotechnical properties. The study confirms the shale's compliance with construction standards, highlighting its potential for sustainable building practices. These findings contribute significantly to the field of geotechnical engineering, emphasizing the material's suitability for construction and its broader societal implications.