Abstract
Black holes remain the most popular topic in astronomy to this day because of the mystery that makes it so thoughtprovoking. It forms when a star collapses or a huge mass gather. The greater the mass of the black hole, the greater the gravitational field and the faster the galaxies contract, and eventually a massive galaxy will be swallowed up by this black hole and form a singularity. Their immense mass can bend and distort the space-time around them, and this distorting effect leads to a gravitational trap that makes it impossible for anything approaching the black hole to escape its gravitational pull, not even light or radiation. This study begins with an introduction to the basic formation principles and structure of black holes and introduces why it is related to space-time, followed by a description of how black holes are observed, their limitations, and future prospects. According to the analysis, one can acquire more knowledge about this mysterious object and lay the foundation for future research on black holes.
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