Analysis of the Factors in the Low-Risk Invasive Mole Treatment by Methotrexate: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the therapeutic effects of low-risk invasive mole treatment by methotrexate and summarize the high-risk factors which affect the chemotherapy outcome. Collect the clinical data of low-risk invasive mole treatment by methotrexate and analyze the relationship of human chorionic gonadotropin levels and largest tumor sizes with chemotherapy cycle and toxicity in Zhuzhou Central Hospital from 2015 to 2020. In this study, 42 patients of low-risk invasive mole treatment by methotrexate were enrolled in Zhuzhou Central Hospital from 2015 to 2020. All patients are treated by single-agent methotrexate, the remission rates are 80.95 %, the resistance rates are 11.91 % and the relapse rates are 7.14 %. After change of chemotherapy regimen, the cure rates were 100 %. Age, antecedent pregnancy, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging and World Health Organization scoring has no significant difference (p=0.785, p=0.412, p= 0.135 and p=0.135, respectively). However, during the pre-treatment, human chorionic gonadotropin levels and largest tumor sizes were significant factors in the study (p=0.017 and p<0.0001). In addition, serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels and largest tumor size were significant risk factors which show impact on the chemotherapy cycles (p=0.023 and p=0.001). In this study, 10 patients have grade 2, 3 patients have grade 3 and 3 patients have grade 4. After careful study, there was no change in chemotherapy plan or death due to chemotherapy toxicity. In this retrospective study, we explained the single-agent methotrexate for the treatment of lowrisk invasive mole, the remission and resistance, and the relapse and chemotherapy toxicity was correlated with serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels and largest tumor size.