Analysis of the epizootic situation of infectious diseases of the fingers and hooves of cattle in certain regions of the Russian Federation

Abstract

The massive incidence of disease in cattle, manifested by damage to the distal limbs, is the cause of significant economic damage caused to the livestock industry of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the purpose of the research was an epizootological analysis of the spread of diseases of the fingers and hooves of cattle in certain regions of the Russian Federation and conducting laboratory studies on identify pathogens. The clinical and epizootic situation regarding diseases of the distal extremities was studied during field trips to examine agricultural enterprises, orthopedic medical examination of cattle, and collect data on the dynamics of the spread of these diseases, conditions of keeping, feeding and economic use of cattle. An orthopedic examination revealed various clinical manifestations of diseases of the fingers and hooves of non-contagious etiology. The infectious etiology of diseases of the fingers and hooves was confirmed by laboratory studies of pathological material with a biological test on laboratory animals. An analysis of the epizootic situation regarding infectious diseases of the fingers and hooves of cattle in 3 agricultural enterprises producing milk in the Republic of Mordovia, the Chuvash Republic and the Nizhny Novgorod region, carried out in the period 2021-2022, along with necrobacteriosis, mixed infection and diseases of the limbs of non-contagious etiology, finger dermatitis (Mortellaro disease), associated with the import of livestock with a latent form of this infection from other agricultural enterprises. Based on the results of an orthopedic examination of unfavorable livestock and studies of samples of pathological material from sick animals, the percentage of livestock affected by various forms of finger diseases was determined, different stages of finger dermatitis were established in the «Sabancheevskoye» limited liability company (Alovskoye department).