Abstract
This paper briefly introduces the history of channel coding from the hamming code to the newest polar code. Then it introduces that the polar code is the only one that can reach the Shannon limit. With such a crucial technique, this study set it as the core research target of this article. After pointing out the target and the content of the polar code, this paper explains the core principle, which is the channel polarization theory. It also contains channel polarization's two components, the channel combining and splitting theory. In the main part, this paper explains the encoding and decoding of polar code in detail based on the polarization theory. It analyzes the whole process of polar code using examples with multiple inputs. And at last, the result of the likelihood ratio and channel capacity is obtained, which can be utilized to compute the relevant parameters to evaluate the efficiency of encoding and decoding and other rates.
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