Abstract
Citronellal 97,3% has been isolated from Java citronella oil (Cymbopogon winterianus) from Yogyakarta Indonesia by fractional distillation under reduced pressure (5 cmHg, 110-120 oC). Citronellal has two optical isomerics that can be separated by capillary column of chiral GC phase. Enantioselective capillary GC with heptakis(2,3-di-O-acetyl-6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-β-cyclodextrin (β-DEX-225) as stationary phase has been used for analysis of the enantiomers ratio of citronellal. The analysis of enantiomer ratio showed that citronellal contain of 88.21% ee of (R)-(+)-citronellal. Physical properties of isolated citronellal showed that the compound was (+) enantiomer. Structure identification of citronellal was carried out by GC-MS, IR, and 1H NMR, resulted identical fragment and spectra with standard citronellal. Theoretical study with semiempirical-AM1 method showed that energy of (R)-(+)-citronellal on the β-DEX 225 was lower than its (S)-(-)-citronellal.
Highlights
Citronellal is one of monoterpenes in citronella oil
In this paper we report isolation and separation of (R)(+)-citronellal from citronella oil
Citronellal was isolated from citronella oil that contain more than 35% of citronellal (GC-MS) by fractional distillation under reduced pressure (5 cmHg)
Summary
Citronellal is one of monoterpenes in citronella oil. The citronellal content of high quality oil is 28-45% [1]. Citronellal is important monoterpene aldehyde that produces some of the most intense aromas These it become key aroma impact compounds in many essential oils (EOs). After investigating a large number of lemon balm samples they decided the enantiomer ratio of citronellal depended to some extent on its concentration in the samples. The results showed only 4 samples out of 28 genuine and 2 commercial lemon balm oils contained enantiomerically pure (>97.7%) (R)-(+)-citronellal, as reported in the literature. The investigation on the enantiomer distribution of some compounds in authentic and commercial citronella EOs proved that citronellal in these EOs was produced by oxidation of citronellolamounts of (R)-(+)-citronellal and of (R)-(+)-citronellol were homogeneous (means of 86.7% and 80.1% respectively) [4,5]. Cahyono et al / Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Vol., No.2 (2013) 62-66
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