Analysis of the electromyographic activity of the ankle muscles on unstable proprioception devices with and without the use of shoes: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

IntroductionProprioceptive exercises are performed in physiotherapy with the use of different unstable devices to improve joint stability using the mechanical and sensory properties of the ligaments, joint capsule and muscles surrounding the joint. However, the literature does not clearly show whether the use of foot wear increases or reduces muscle activity on different types of unstable devices. ObjectiveAnalyze the electromyographic activity of the ankle muscles on unstable proprioception devices and a stable surface with and without the use of shoes. MethodsThirty active, healthy men were submitted to warmup and familiarization of the devices prior to data collection. The order of data collection was chosen randomly by lots [on stable ground or unstable platforms (BOSU in the normal and inverted positions and proprioceptive disk) with or without the use of shoes]. The individuals remained balanced on these surfaces for 15 s. Biological signals were captured using surface electromyography for the evaluation of the activity of the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius and fibularis longus muscles. ResultsNo differences were found in the activation of the muscle in the comparison of the use and non-use of shoes (p > 0.05). The BOSU device in the normal position led to greater muscle activation than in the inverted position (p < 0.05). ConclusionThe use of shoes does not alter muscle activity of the ankle on the proprioceptive devices used in the present study. Moreover, these unstable devices each generate different muscle activities.