Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations and analyze their clinical significance in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Hubei province of China. Methods: A total of 138 paraffin embedded tissues were taken from patients with NSCLC who were treated at Hubei Hospital from January 2014 to June 2015. The tissue DNA was extracted and EGFR mutation was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing analysis of exons 18, 19, 20, and 21. Results: The overall mutation rate of EGFR gene was 30.43 % (42/138) in 138 NSCLC patients. The mutation rates of EGFR gene at exon 18, 19, 20, 21 were 0 %（0/138), 13.8 %（19/138), 0.7 % (1/138) and 15.9 % (22/138), respectively. The mutation rate of EGFR gene was higher in female patients than that in males (62.2 % (28/45) vs 15.1 % (14/93), p 0.05). EGFR mutation frequency in adenocarcinoma was higher than that in squamous cell carcinoma: 33.9 % (41/121) vs. 5.9 % (1/17, p < 0.05). Conclusion: EGFR mutations in NSCLC patients mainly exist in exons 19 and 21, and the mutation rate of exon 21 is higher than that of exon 19, which is more commonly found in female, adenocarcinoma and non-smoking patients. Keywords: Non-small cell lung cancer, Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Targeted therapy, Sequencing
Highlights
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world and is responsible for one third of all cancer-related death [1], non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprising 80 % of lung cancers is a disease that can be classified into clinically relevant molecular subgroups, each with distinct clinicopathologic features and potential for targeted therapies [2]
The presence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations has been associated with treatment in East Asian countries, female sex, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma subtype of adenocarcinoma, and improved survival [9]
The personalization of cancer care aims to predict effective therapy regimes according to the molecular profiles of individual patients and their cancers and only patients who carried EGFR mutation can benefit from targeted therapies [4,11]
Summary
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world and is responsible for one third of all cancer-related death [1], NSCLC comprising 80 % of lung cancers is a disease that can be classified into clinically relevant molecular subgroups, each with distinct clinicopathologic features and potential for targeted therapies [2]. Among these molecular subsets, the identification of EGFR tyrosine kinase domain mutations that predict sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is the most prominent event [3,4,5]. The personalization of cancer care aims to predict effective therapy regimes according to the molecular profiles of individual patients and their cancers and only patients who carried EGFR mutation can benefit from targeted therapies [4,11]
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