Abstract
This study investigates the effects of climate change factors and non-climate change factors on crop output in Nigeria. Empirical research approach was adopted with the use of secondary sources of time series annual data obtained from reputable sources for the period 1980-2013. Error Correction Mechanism was used for the analysis. It was found that in the short run, only rainfall tested significantly positive to crop output among the climate change factors but there is evidence of significant effects of all climate change factors on crop output in the long-run. For example, temperature, carbon dioxide emission, carbon emission and rainfall were tested significantly to crop output. Furthermore, non-climate change factors like economically active population, gross capital formation, and land area equipped for irrigation were significantly positive to crop output. To forestall the effects of climate change on crop output, the study recommends that policy makers should formulate policies that will aid farmers towards adaptation practices in farming that can mitigate the effects of climate change. Furthermore, governments and other relevant agencies should also design programmes that can motivate the masses to increase their involvement in crop production.
Highlights
There is a growing scientific consensus that human activities have substantially contributed to the increase in atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases
In the short-run, among the climate change factors, the results show that only rainfall has a significant effect on crop output
Nigeria must begin to adopt policies that will grow her capital formation which can positively impact on crop production, since this study has shown that it will have a significant impact on crop out in Nigeria, failure to do this will cause food supply to reduce thereby leading to increase in prices and poverty
Summary
There is a growing scientific consensus that human activities have substantially contributed to the increase in atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases. Human induced climate change resulting from increase in the concentration of greenhouse gasses (GHGs) in the atmosphere and food insecurity are too related threats facing mankind in the 21st century. IPCC observed the unrelenting emission of greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere [2]. The gasses emitted into the atmosphere include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), Hydroflourocarbons (HFCs) Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and Carbonhexafluoride (CF6). All these gasses were unambiguously articulated in the Kyoto protocol. CO2 among the gasses increased over the per capita income and population and thereby contributes to over 40% of the total emission of GHGs [3]
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