Analysis of the effect of components of chemical peels based on lactic and mandelic acid on skin parameters

Abstract

Up to now, research studies have compared various peeling substances affecting the skin, without taking into account the parameters responsible for the penetration and potency of the compounds. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of lactic acid and mandelic acid on hydration, melanin, sebaceous gland activity and the stratum corneum barrier. Equal concentrations of chemical peels, similar pH of the solutions, and the base enabled comparison of results. A series of treatments with lactic acid resulted in a decrease in transepidermal water loss, an increase in hydration levels and a reduction in sebaceous gland activity, as well as a significant drop in melanin levels. Mandelic acid applied in a series of four treatments resulted in a noticeable improvement in the appearance of the epidermis. The activity of the sebaceous glands also decreased significantly. The use of both, a series and a single treatment with mandelic acid, strengthened the epidermal barrier. Comparing a series of treatments and a single procedure it was found that the value of transepidermal water loss increased. The study demonstrated that whereas many carboxylic acids exhibit similarities, they also possess notable distinctions in their topical effects and medicinal applications.