Abstract
Abstract Coastal landforms are located in the interface zone between atmosphere, ocean and land surface systems formed by the geomorphic process of erosion, depositional, and subsidence. Studying the dynamics of coastal landform change is important for tracing the relationship between coastal landform changes and tidal flooding in the coastal areas of Pekalongan, Indonesia. The method of integrating remote sensing data with geographic information system (GIS) techniques has been widely used to monitor and analyze the dynamics of morphology change in coastal landform areas. The purpose of this study is to map the dynamics of landform change in the study area from 1978 to 2017 and to analyze its implications for the impact of tidal flooding. The results of the mapping and change analysis associated with coastal landforms can be classified into four landform types: beach, beach ridge, backswamp and alluvial plain. Changes in coastal morphology and landform topography affected by land subsidence and changes in land use/ land cover have contributed to the occurrence of tidal flooding in the study area. Beach ridges perform an important role as natural levees which hold back and prevent the entry of seawater at high tide in coastal areas. A limitation of this study is that, as it focuses only on the physical aspects of coastal landform characteristics for one of the factors causing tidal flooding.
Highlights
A landform is a natural geographical feature of the Earth’s surface that has typical relief characteristics, which reflect the structure of the Earth’s crust and the natural processes that work upon it
Studying the dynamics of coastal landform change is important for tracing the relationship between coastal landform changes and tidal flooding in the coastal areas of Pekalongan, Indonesia
Changes in coastal morphology and landform topography affected by land subsidence and changes in land use/land cover have contributed to the occurrence of tidal flooding in the study area
Summary
A landform is a natural geographical feature of the Earth’s surface that has typical relief characteristics, which reflect the structure of the Earth’s crust and the natural processes that work upon it. Coastal landforms occur in the dynamic zone at the interface between the three major natural systems of the Earth’s surface: atmosphere, ocean and land surface (DavidsonArnott 2010) Such landforms are sensitive to erosion and depositional processes as a result of the influence of waves, coastal currents, the wind, FAJAR YULIANTO, SUWARSONO, TAUFIK MAULANA, MUHAMMAD ROKHIS KHOMARUDIN sediment transport and anthropogenic activities. They express the characteristics of existing coastal processes and are formed over long time scales (Chandrasekar et al 2000, Kaliraj, Chandrasekar and Ramachandran 2017). Many change detection approaches based on the integration of remote sensing data and GIS techniques, including visual interpretation (Shalaby and Tateishi 2007, Zhao et al 2008), spectral value change (differencing, image regression, digital number value analysis) (Ekercin 2007, Erkkilä and Kalliola 2004), multi-source data analysis (Marfai et al 2007), automatic change detection (Kuleli et al 2011), and change vector analysis (Lambin and Strahlers 1994), are currently used to map and analyze landforms
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