Abstract
Background: PIVC therapy is the most common hospital procedure. Its insertion and maintenance are easy to fail. Objective: To investigate the current application of peripheral venous catheter (PIVC) in the department of hepatobiliary surgery and the risk factors that lead to indwelling failure. Peripheral intravenous catheter therapy is one of the most common treatment procedures but has a relatively high failure rate during insertion and indwelling. Methods: A cross-sectional correlation study was adopted. Clinical data of patients receiving PIVC from March to June in 2019 in our hospital were collected. All patients were inserted with closed 24G IV catheters manufactured by BD Company, sealed with 50U/mL heparin saline and secured by 3M Tegaderm Film-Transparent film dressing. Estuation caused by any reasons within 72 hours that failed to complete the treatment was considered to be indwelling failure. Univariate analysis was performed to analyze the effect of gender and age on the indwelling time, and logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of indwelling needle-induced complications. The methods were consistent with the STROBE criteria (Supplementary File 1). Results: 445 patients were enrolled and clinical data from 395 patients were analyzed eventually, with a total of 773 PIVC cases. The indwelling time varied from 0.5h to 329h (median time 49.00±0.86h). Indwelling site: back of the hand (61%), forearm (28%), joint (6%), upper arm (4%) and finger (1%). The success rate of one-time puncture was 92%. PIVC indwelling failure rate was 46% which appeared to be higher in females and older people. Complications included exudation (72%), phlebitis (8%), blockage (5%) and errhysis (4%). There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of complications in each indwelling period (P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that complications were independent risk factors for catheter indwelling failure (OR: 26.98, P<0.01). Conclusions: PIVC mostly performed on the back of the hand and its indwelling time was associated with patients’ gender and age in the department of hepatobiliary surgery. The occurrence of complications was an independent factor for PIVC failure.
Highlights
Peripheral Intravenous Catheter (PIVC) was widely applied in Europe and the United States in the 1960s
2 billion PIVC were consumed around the world each year with 200 million in the United States
445 patients’ clinical data were collected initially but according to the research criteria, 50 patients with 120 PIVC cases were ruled out due to missing information about insertion or removal time, names or diagnosis results. 395 patients (220 (59%) males and 175 (41%) females, average age 57.5±16.1) with total 773 PIVC cases were included in the study eventually among which 353 (46%) PIVC cases suffered from indwelling failure
Summary
Peripheral Intravenous Catheter (PIVC) was widely applied in Europe and the United States in the 1960s. 2 billion PIVC were consumed around the world each year with 200 million in the United States. It was reported that 79.1%-89.1% inpatients in China received IV infusion, and 99.3% patients had IV indwelling needles in first-class hospitals [1]. In Spain, approximately half of hospitalized patients received intravenous catheters among which 95% were PIVC [2,3]. PIVC therapy is one of the most common hospital procedures. It has a relatively high failure rate during insertion and indwelling for many reasons. PIVC therapy is the most common hospital procedure. Its insertion and maintenance are easy to fail
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