Abstract
In mammograms, a calcification is represented as small but brilliant white region of the digital image. Earlier detection of malignant calcifications in patients provides high expectation of surviving to this disease. Nevertheless, white regions are difficult to see by visual inspection because a mammogram is a gray-scale image of the breast. To help radiologists in detecting abnormal calcification, computer-inspection methods of mammograms have been proposed; however, it remains an open important issue. In this context, we propose a strategy for detecting calcifications in mammograms based on the analysis of the cluster prominence (cp) feature histogram. The highest frequencies of the cp histogram describe the calcifications on the mammography. Therefore, we obtain a function that models the behaviour of the cp histogram using the Vandermonde interpolation twice. The first interpolation yields a global representation, and the second models the highest frequencies of the histogram. A weak classifier is used for obtaining a final classification of the mammography, that is, with or without calcifications. Experimental results are compared with real DICOM images and their corresponding diagnosis provided by expert radiologists, showing that the cp feature is highly discriminative.
Highlights
Breast cancer is the top cancer that affects women both in developed and developing countries
Breast calcifications are small spots of calcium salts in the breast tissue. e calcifications in the mammography appear as small white spots. ere are two different types of calcifications, microcalcifications and macrocalcifications [6]. e macrocalcifications are large and coarse, mostly benign and Journal of Healthcare Engineering associated with the age. e microcalcifications can be early signs of breast cancer, with or without a visible mass. is mass can be a benign tumor, a cyst, or cancer
As we have mentioned above, a second interpolation technique is required for the high frequency zone of the cp histogram, yielding the g(cp) function
Summary
Breast cancer is the top cancer that affects women both in developed and developing countries. Detection of breast cancer increases treatment options and survival expectation [1]. E early detection for improving breast cancer outcome and survival remains an open issue. Mammography is a reliable method for breast cancer detection. A mammography is a low-energy radiography of the breast. E radiologist uses this method to localize morphological alterations and infers the presence or absence of anomalies, mainly small calcifications [5]. Breast calcifications are small spots of calcium salts in the breast tissue. E calcifications in the mammography appear as small white spots. Ere are two different types of calcifications, microcalcifications and macrocalcifications [6]. E microcalcifications can be early signs of breast cancer, with or without a visible mass. Is mass can be a benign tumor, a cyst, or cancer Breast calcifications are small spots of calcium salts in the breast tissue. e calcifications in the mammography appear as small white spots. ere are two different types of calcifications, microcalcifications and macrocalcifications [6]. e macrocalcifications are large and coarse, mostly benign and Journal of Healthcare Engineering associated with the age. e microcalcifications can be early signs of breast cancer, with or without a visible mass. is mass can be a benign tumor, a cyst, or cancer
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