Analysis of the clinical, epidemiological and mortality profile of Gastric Cancer in Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent, both in women and in men, worldwide, including in Brazil, being considered a condition that causes more morbidity and mortality. Objective: To describe the clinical, epidemiological and mortality profile of gastric cancer in Brazil from 2010 to 2020, as well as the prevalence and risk factors involved in the development of this disease. Methodology: To prepare the study, a bibliographic survey was carried out, through research in the LILACS, Scielo and MEDLINE databases, using descriptors. Strings were made with the words using the Boolean operator (AND): gastric cancer AND epidemiology AND morbidity and mortality AND public health. Results: Morbimortality was higher for gastric cancer in men, predominantly aged over 60 years, white. It was found that gastric cancer had the highest number of cases registered in the year 2019 (32,876 cases) and a significant drop in the year 2020 (12,495 cases). The southeast region of the country was the one that obtained the highest number of diagnoses, on the other hand, the northeast region was the one that least diagnosed this disease. The risk factors most described in the literature are: H. pylori infection; eating habits; excess salt in food and genetic factors. Conclusion: We can infer that gastric cancer remains a serious public health problem in Brazil, and it is important to restructure strategies adopted for prevention and early diagnosis in all states and regions in order to optimize the treatment of the disease in order to enable its cure and improve patients' quality of life.