Analysis of the causes of casing head in the oil and gas complex of Ukraine

Abstract

The casing head is the main wellhead equipment of gas and oil wells. Column heads are installed on all wells, regardless of how they are operated. Anti-blowout equipment is installed on column heads during drilling, and fountain fittings are installed during well operation. They hang all the casing pipes lowered into the well. The design of the pillar trim provides the ability to: restore the integrity of annular space, flow in the packer space grease lubricant; crimping flange connections; monitoring and exploration of the medium pressure in the annular space; well cementing process. Violation of the column head reliability inevitably leads to serious accidents, damage to the environment, and in some cases may cause fires, explosions, accidents. The article classifies column bindings that are used in the oil and gas complex of Ukraine, according to the design of nodes for sealing inter-column heads. The causes of column head leaks of all groups are determined. The conditions of column head sealing are described. The causes of rubber aging are determined. The effect of casing string parameters on the casing head tightness is shown. Regulatory documents, describing the procedure and rules for selection, installation and oper-ation of column heads at operational oil and gas wells and wells in underground gas storage are analyzed. The analysis of modern casing heads showed that the main sealing elements of the annular space are rubber parts made of rubber. Measures to improve the column head reliability are proposed.