ANALYSIS OF THE CALCULATION OF REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ACCORDING TO THE DATA OF THE STATE METEOROLOGICAL STATION

Abstract

Since direct measurement of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is a complex, time-consuming and expensive process, the most common procedure is to estimate ET0 from climate data. The purpose of this study was to perform reference evapotranspiration calculations based on the data of the state meteorological station Askania-Nova and compare them with the actual ET0 data obtained using an automatic Internet meteorological station. The data for the study were taken from the state meteorological station Askania-Nova (township Askania-Nova, Kakhovsky district, Kherson region, 46.45°N 33.88°E) and the automatic Internet meteorological station iMetos IMT 300 from the company "Pessl Instruments", which is located at the meteorological site of the Askaniysk DSDS (Tavrychanka village, Kakhovsky district, Kherson region, 46.55°N, 33.83°E). Standard evapotranspiration was calculated using the Penman-Monteith method (FAO56-RM). To assess the accuracy of ET0 calculations, mean absolute percent error (MAPE), root mean square error (RMSE) and Standard Error of Estimate (SEE ) were determined. According to the results of the comparison of indicators from two meteorological stations, it was found that the smallest errors are inherent in the daily average and maximum temperature and relative air humidity (MAPE<10%), for the minimum temperature and relative air humidity, the MAPE errors are 18,1 and 13,7%, respectively. The MAPE error for water vapor pressure deficit and solar radiation is 20,2 and 26,3%, respectively. The largest MAPE error of 40,3% was established for wind speed measurements. The average MAPE error between the calculated ET0, based on the meteorological data of the Askania-Nova station, and the actual ET0 data obtained from the automatic Internet meteorological station iMetos is 16,8%, RMSE – 0,65 mm, SEE – 0,56 mm. Applying a coefficient of 0,92 when calculating ET0 reduces the errors of MAPE, RMSE, and SEE by 3,2%, 0,15 mm, and 0,05 mm, respectively, for all calculation periods. For the May-August period, the MAPE error was 10,7%, which brings the calculations close to high accuracy (MAPE <10%). Based on the results of the calculations, it was established that on average over the years of research, the actual ET0 was 68 mm less than the calculated one. The absolute errors of determination of ETc depended on the crop and the average over the years of research ranged from 33 mm (winter wheat) to 68 mm (early tomatoes). The application of the refined value of ET0 in calculations reduces the absolute errors in the determination of c over the years of research, this error did not exceed 6 mm (early tomato). Research results confirm the possibility of using meteorological indicators obtained from state meteorological stations to calculate ET0. To increase the accuracy of calculations, it is necessary to use a refinement coefficient.