Analysis of the bone mineral density of 278 HIV-infected patients

Abstract

Objective To investigate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in Changsha, and take intervention measures to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis and fracture. Methods A total of 278 HIV-infected patients and 154 cases of healthy adults from March 2011 to May 2015 were selected. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to detect BMD, T-score and Z-score of all the research objects, including the whole body, lumbar spine (L2~4), and left hip joint. The height and weight were measured at the same time. Results The HIV infection group had an average age of (31.53±8.56) years old, and the healthy control group was (34.45±8.22) years old. Height between two groups had no significant difference. The average weight of HIV infection group was 6.93 kg [95% CI, -9.01, -4.97; P<0.001] lighter than that in the normal control group. BMD, T-score and Z-score of HIV infection group were significantly lower than those in normal control group (P<0.001). The occurrence rate of osteopenia (Z≤-1.0)and osteoporosis(Z≤-2.0)in HIV infection group were correspondingly 43.53%~54.68% and 9.71%~23.74%, which is about 4 times of that in the healthy control group (14.28%~20.13%, 0.65%~5.84%). Conclusions The average body weight of HIV-infected patients was significantly lower than that of normal control group, and the incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in HIV-infected group was significantly higher than that in normal control group. Key words: HIV infections/GE; Bone density