Abstract
The design specifications of composite truss, included in the American standard (ASCE), are not covered in the European standards (Eurocodes). In this study, to investigate the behaviour of the composite trusses, a finite element model (FEM) is developed using the software CAST3M. The influence of various parameters, such as the diameter of the shear connectors, the degree of connection, the top chord section and the material characteristics on the behaviour of the composite truss and the shear connectors are analyzed. The model shows that the shear connection in the steel-concrete composite truss reduces its deflection by approximately 50 % in comparison with the steel truss. The significant influence of the top chord section on the shear forces in the shear connectors was observed.
Highlights
Composite steel-concrete construction is one of the most economical systems for building and bridge floors, especially for greater spans
Composite systems give the possibility to get spans up to 20 m and the composite trusses are appropriate to meet the requirements for building height limitation, the need to run complex electrical, heating, ventilating, and communication systems and the even greater spans (30 m), which allows a better use of internal space without restricting columns
The influence of the connectors is analyzed considering 360 theoretical values of diameter in the range 0.1 mm to 100 mm. These values represent the progression of the degree of shear connection in the truss from no connection to full connection
Summary
Composite steel-concrete construction is one of the most economical systems for building and bridge floors, especially for greater spans. Different types of shear connectors are used nowadays This concerns the welded headed studs, the Hilti brackets and the welded perforated shear connectors [1] [2]. In some situations, such as with precast concrete slab or to develop composite action in noncomposite structures, shear connection is developed using bolts [3] [4]. In Eurocode EN 1994-2: 6.6.2.3 [7], there is no particular recommendation for the design of composite truss, except the formulas for the local effect of a concentrated longitudinal force and the distribution of the longitudinal shear force into local shear flow between steel section and concrete slab.
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