ANALYSIS OF THE BEHAVIOR MODEL OF HOUSEHOLDS BEFORE AND DURING COVID-19 IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of the household sector in Ukraine, as well as the analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their current state. Crises have a significant impact on household behavior. Studies conducted by many authors have shown that the depth of the crisis in the economy and the duration of the exit from it depend on the nature of the factors that caused the crisis. From this point of view, the current crisis is unique. And not just because it has spread across the planet, but because of its reason – COVID-19, which has left economic life almost paralyzed. The article considers such indicators of the household sector in pre-crisis and crisis periods as the dynamics of household income, expenditure and savings, household activity in the banking sector (dynamics of loans and deposits), as well as macroeconomic indicators such as exchange rate dynamics, consumer price index, average wages, employment and its structure, retail turnover and others. The article pays special attention to the state of the public health system in Ukraine and the analysis of the performance of hospitals before and during the pandemic. The results of the study showed that even before the pandemic, there were several negative trends, including a decrease in the number of doctors and hospitals, lower household savings and mortgage lending. The first six months of the pandemic only deepened all the problems created by the critical state of Ukraine's economy in recent years. To date, the model of household behavior is characterized by a minimum level of consumption, lack of investment component and efforts to create the maximum buffer of security. In these conditions, the problem of efficient allocation of available limited resources becomes especially important. But the realities of targeted use of anti-coronavirus funds, incompetence in the choice of methods and tools of public administration and regulation, which often contradict each other, give reason to believe that it is necessary to develop appropriate models to coordinate the actions of different ministries, departments, government bodies. This will achieve the common goal of stabilizing the economy.