Analysis of the association of TNF-α, IL-1A, and IL-1B polymorphisms with peri-implantitis in a Chinese non-smoking population.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the genetic variations which could regulate inflammatory responses were associated with the risk of peri-implantitis. We evaluated three genetic variants including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) - 308G/A, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1A) - 889C/T, and IL-1 beta (IL-1B) + 3954C/T, as risk factors for peri-implantitis, in a total of 144 patients with peri-implantitis and 174 healthy controls in a Chinese non-smoking population. Logistic regression analyses revealed that subjects carrying the T allele of IL-1A - 889C/T and IL-1B + 3954C/T had a significant 2.27-2.47-fold (CT, OR [95% CI] = 2.27 [1.12-4.58], p = 0.021; TT, OR [95% CI] = 2.47 [1.32-4.69], p = 0.006) and 1.9-1.99-fold (CT, OR [95% CI] = 1.99 [1-3.93], p = 0.041; TT, OR [95% CI] = 1.9 [1.08-3.43], p = 0.03) increased risk of peri-implantitis, respectively, when using the CC genotype as a reference point. And subjects carrying the TT genotype of IL-1A - 889C/T or IL-1B + 3954C/T also had significantly higher periodontal variables including peri-implant pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), calculus index (CI), and clinical attachment level (CAL) (p < 0.05). However, no associations were found between the TNF-α - 308G/A polymorphism and the risk of peri-implantitis. Our results suggest that the IL-1A - 889C/T or IL-1B + 3954C/T genetic polymorphisms were associated with the risk of peri-implantitis and periodontal status. Genetic polymorphisms are constant and can be measured before disease onset, thus it could be of great benefit for treatment planning and prognosis in an early stage.