Analysis of the Application Effect of Tracheal Stent Placement in the Nutritional Support Treatment of Tracheoesophageal Fistula

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate and analyze the application effect of tracheal stent placement in nutritional support therapy for tracheoesophageal fistula. Methods: Clinical data of 32 patients who underwent nutritional support therapy for tracheoesophageal fistula in our hospital from September 2021 to September 2022 were collected, and all patients underwent tracheal silicone stenting, comparing dyspnea classification and Karnofsky score before and after stenting, and conducting post-treatment follow-up. Results: In 32 patients with tracheoesophageal fistula, dyspnea grading improved from grades III and IV to grades 0 to II. Before treatment, 10 patients (31.06%) were in grade IV, 17 patients (53.12%) were in grade III, and five patients (15.62) were in grade II; after treatment, 13 patients (40.63%) were in grade I, 12 patients (37.50%) were in grade I, and seven patients (21.87%) were in grade 0 (P < 0.05); Karnofsky score (37.52 ± 4.86 before treatment) improved significantly to 71.39 ± 8.24 one week after treatment (P < 0.05). Nine patients with tracheoesophageal fistula were placed with silicone Y14-10-10 stent, 11 with silicone 18-14-14 stent, three with silicone Y15-12-12, and seven with silicone stent 16-13-13. Conclusion: Silicone tracheobronchial stent placement for the treatment of tracheoesophageal fistula is technically feasible, simple, and safe, with reliable near-term efficacy, and is worthy of popularization and application.