Analysis Of The 3-min All-out Exercise Test For Running With Gps Data

Abstract

The 3-min all-out exercise test (3 MT) estimates critical power (CP) and work capacity above the aerobic maximal steady state (W'). Cycling CP occurs at ∼50% of the difference (Δ50%) between power evoking gas exchange threshold (GET) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max); however, GET and VO2max between cycling and running vary. Since body mass for the 3 MT and the predicted performance are similar, then critical velocity (cv) and W' can be estimated with velocity parameters in accordance with Newton's work-energy theorem. PURPOSE: To evaluate the 3 MT with GXT data and maximal running performances of various distances. METHODS: Fourteen competitive female distance runners (19±1 yrs; VO2max: 53±4 ml·kg-1·min-1) completed a running 3 MT on an open track monitored by a wristwatch global position sensor (GPS) unit. Subjects completed a custom treadmill GXT with a severe intensity verification bout to identify GET, Δ50%, VO2max, and vVO2max. Estimates of cv and W', from the 3 MT, were compared with GXT data along with official race times using standard error of measurement (SEM) and coefficient of variation (CV). RESULTS: cv (m·min-1) for the 3 MT (261±30) and Δ50% from the GXT (258±19) did not differ (p>0.05). Velocity at GET (235±17), on average, was 90% of cv, as estimated using the 3 MT. Elapsed time in the 3 MT at which vVO2max (282±17 from the GXT) was observed was 87±14 s; whereas 136% of vVO2max (ceiling of severe exercise domain) was observed at 28±4 s. For race time distances ranging 800 to 1600 m (150 to 356 s), the 3 MT data vs. actual performances were consistent (SEM: 8.06 s, CV: 4.1%). A higher SEM (32.00 s) yet similar CV (3.1%) was observed for actual performances ranging 3000 to 5000 m (621 to 1220 s). CONCLUSION: The 3 MT is a valid predictor of maximal running performances ranging 800 to 5000 m. Velocity at ∼90 s, from the 3 MT, estimates vVO2max, a parameter useful for deriving a custom GXT protocol/duration. Velocity at ∼30 s of all-out exercise in endurance-trained females, estimates a velocity too extreme and of sufficient duration to evoke VO2max and stress the aerobic energy pathways. Velocity limit for recovery exercise with interval training (<GET) should be prescribed <90% of cv as estimated from the running 3 MT. The 90% value is considerably higher than cycling (∼75%) due to differences in GET and VO2max for these activities.