ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES AND DYNAMIC OF WIND GENERATOR CONTROL SYSTEMS

Abstract

The dynamics of the development of alternative power sources over the past severaldecades are presented, which gives reason to talk about the trends in the further development of windenergy. An analysis of the structures and technical characteristics of wind generators classifiedaccording to the international standard IEC 61400 is given. According to the classification of theinternational standard IEC 61400, the structures of wind generators are presented, namely, types ofelectric motors, power circuits of semiconductor converters that provide the generation of electricalenergy to the general industrial electrical network. The use of power electronics in various types ofwind turbine generation systems and offshore wind farms provides improved wind turbineperformance. Semiconductor converters are used in frequency and voltage control to regulate activeand reactive powers. The issue of the possibility of operation of wind generators in wide wind ranges,the issue of emission of reactive power and higher harmonics of currents to the general industrialelectrical network, as well as the issue of efficiency of various structures of wind generators areconsidered. A wind turbine control system with an asynchronous generator is proposed. A study oftransient control processes and energy compatibility of a full energy conversion wind turbine with apower supply network by simulation computer modeling in the Matlab / Simulink softwareenvironment is given. The obtained result indicates the fundamental possibility of operation of anasynchronous generator with a short-circuited rotor as part of a wind turbine operating in conditionsof variable wind speed. The proposed layout of the wind turbine with full energy conversion allowspower to be delivered to the AC grid at a variable frequency of rotation of the wind motor shaft,which allows to increase the control range and maximize the generated power at low wind speeds.