Abstract
Steel I-shaped beams with web openings of shapes like hexagonal, circular and rectangular at regular intervals have been used since last 60–70 years. Therefore aim of this paper is to examine the behaviour of steel I-beams with rectangular web openings by performinganexperimental and parametric study. A parametric study based on finite element analysis consists of effect of fillet radius, aspect ratio of rectangular openings, stiffeners position around the openings and effect of positions of openings on load carrying capacities of steel beam with rectangular web openings was carried out by using a commercial finite element software ANSYS v.12. An overall study of such type of beam was carried out and results shows that rectangular openings having fillet radius either 2 times thickness of web or 25 mm (whichever is minimum), aspect ratio of 1.6 and reinforcement either in the form of horizontal or vertical stiffeners around the web openings found to be very effective. The fillet radius and stiffeners also affect the stress distribution around the corner regions of openings. Load carrying capacities of perforated beams are almost equal to plain-webbed beams, when openings are placed within middle two-third(neutral zone) of the span.
Highlights
Steel beams with web openings fabricated from standard hot rolled I-sections are commonly used in recent constructions to cover long spans
The aim of this study was to evaluate the strength of steel beam with rectangular web openings; experiments carried out on steel beams with rectangular web openings are presented
Beams with two different aspect ratio and web openings area have been tested to failure
Summary
Steel beams with web openings fabricated from standard hot rolled I-sections are commonly used in recent constructions to cover long spans. Provision of openings in steel beams create flexibility in the use of the floor area, flexibility in running services such as ventilation ducts, greater flexural stiffness, larger section modulus, optimum self weight-depth ratio, economic construction, and they have scene of beauty as well (Chung et al 2003). On the other hand, the provision of openings in steel beams introduces typical failure modes depending on geometry of the beams, size of web openings, spacing between openings, web slenderness, type of loading, quality of welding, and lateral restraint conditions.
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