Analysis of Spastic Gait in Patients With Cervical Myelopathy Using the Timed Up and Go Test With a Laser Range Sensor

Abstract

Cross-sectional study. This study aimed to objectively evaluate spastic gait and reveal its novel characteristics via analysis of gait in patients with cervical myelopathy (CM) using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test with a laser range sensor. Among patients with CM, spastic gait is a common diagnostic symptom; thus, objective assessments of spastic gait would be useful for the diagnosis of CM and recognition of disease status. Although spastic gait has been objectively evaluated in previous studies, the methods employed in those studies are not suitable for clinical settings. In total, 37 and 24 participants were recruited for a control group and CM group, respectively. CM was diagnosed by spine surgeons. We developed a laser TUG test, in which the position and velocity of both the legs were captured. The parameter values for both groups were statistically compared, and odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression analyses. The total TUG-test time, time to stand up, time to first step, number of steps, and trajectory error for the CM group were significantly higher than those for the control group, whereas the average velocity and average stride length for the CM group were significantly lower than those for the control group. There was a significant independent association between the total TUG-test time and CM. The optimal cutoff point of the total test time for CM risk was approximately 9 seconds. Through the use of the laser TUG test, we were able to identify characteristics of spastic gait, which leads to difficulty in standing and taking the first step, wobbling while walking, and an increased risk of falling. We found that the risk of CM was higher if the individual took longer than 9 seconds to complete the TUG test.Level of Evidence: 4.