Analysis of Soil Permeability Batu Bulan Dam’s Right Secondary Irrigation Canal in Sumbawa, Indonesia

Abstract

The assessment of soil and water conditions is crucial in planning and management of an irrigation system. This study focused primarily on investigating the fine aggregate flow absorption conditions of the soil from the secondary irrigation canal of the Batu Bulan Dam’s right bank in Sumbawa Regency, Indonesia. Soil permeability level was determined in a laboratory setting using standard water absorption parameters of an irrigation canal. Analysis of specific gravity and absorption of fine aggregate showed that sand sample (A) had a bulk specific gravity of 2.53, a saturated surface dried specific gravity of 2.55, and a water absorption of 0.92 percent. Sand sample (B) had a specific gravity of 2.53, a saturated surface dried specific gravity of 2.56 and an absorption rate of 1.02%. According to the characteristics of fine aggregate (sand) standard, the specific gravity range is between 1.6 and 3.3. Thus, the mud content value of the sand samples follows the standards set by SNI. The sand sample (A) exhibited a water absorption rate of 0.92%, whereas sand sample (B) displayed a water absorption rate of 1.02%. As per the Fine Aggregate Inspection Standard, the upper limit for water absorption in fine aggregate is prescribed as 3% of dry weight for concrete with abrasion and 5% of dry weight for non-abrasive concrete. Thus, the mud content value of the sand samples complies with SNI standards. The results suggest that future irrigation strategies should consider the distinct characteristics of native aquifers, the routes of groundwater movement, and the conveyance of soil nutrients to ensure the sustainability of agricultural development in secondary irrigation areas adjacent to reservoirs.