Analysis of Small-Scale Fading Distributions in Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications

Vicent M Rodrigo-Peñarrocha,Lorenzo Rubio,Susana Loredo,Juan Reig,Herman Fernández

doi:10.1155/2016/9584815

Abstract

This work analyzes the characteristics of the small-scale fading distribution in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) channels. The analysis is based on a narrowband channel measurements campaign at 5.9 GHz designed specifically for that purpose. The measurements were carried out in highway and urban environments around the city of Valencia, Spain. The experimental distribution of the small-scale fading is compared to several analytical distributions traditionally used to model the fast fading in wireless communications, such as Rayleigh, Nakagami-m, Weibull, Rice, andα-μdistributions. The parameters of the distributions are derived through statistical inference techniques and their goodness-of-fit is evaluated using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test. Our results show that theα-μdistribution exhibits a better fit compared to the other distributions, making its use interesting to model the small-scale fading in V2V channels.

Highlights

Over the past ten years, the vehicular propagation channel has attracted the interest of numerous researchers provided that new frequency bands have been allocated for vehicular systems [1,2,3,4]
Our analysis shows that the α-μ distribution exhibits a better fit compared to the other distributions, making its use interesting to model the smallscale fading in V2V channels, where it is difficult to separate both the small- and large-scale fading effects as a consequence of the large channel variations
The analysis is based on a narrowband measurement campaign carried out in both highway and urban environments

Summary

Introduction

Over the past ten years, the vehicular propagation channel has attracted the interest of numerous researchers provided that new frequency bands have been allocated for vehicular systems [1,2,3,4]. In [11] a combined maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE) and matching the CDF method was used to obtain the parameters of the Nakagami-m distribution at 5.9 GHz in a highway environment. In [13] the Rayleigh, Rice, Nakagamim, and Weibull distributions parameters have been estimated using the MLE method at 5.805 GHz with a large object (bus) located between Tx and Rx. The goodness-of-fit of the analytical estimated distributions in [13] has been checked by using both the Akaike information criteria (AIC) and the K-S tests. This paper estimates the parameters of the Rayleigh, Rice, Weibull, Nakagami-m, and α-μ distributions to analyze the small-scale fading in V2V from a narrowband channel measurements campaign designed for that purpose. Our analysis shows that the α-μ distribution exhibits a better fit compared to the other distributions, making its use interesting to model the smallscale fading in V2V channels, where it is difficult to separate both the small- and large-scale fading effects as a consequence of the large channel variations

Measurement Campaign

Results

Conclusions