Abstract
The paper presents results of research on hydraulic automotive shock absorbers. The considerations provided in the paper indicate certain flaws and simplifications resulting from the fact that damping characteristics are assumed as the function of input velocity only, which is the case of simulation studies. An important aspect taken into account when determining parameters of damping performed by car shock absorbers at a testing station is the permissible range of characteristics of a shock absorber of the same type. The aim of this study was to determine the damping characteristics entailing the stroke value. The stroke and rotary velocities were selected in a manner enabling that, for different combinations, the same maximum linear velocity can be obtained. Thus the influence of excitation parameters, such as the stroke value, on force versus displacement and force versus velocity diagrams was determined. The 3D characteristics presented as the damping surface in the stoke and the linear velocity function were determined. An analysis of the results addressed in the paper highlights the impact of such factors on the profile of closed loop graphs of damping forces and point-type damping characteristics.
Highlights
A shock absorber is one of the most important elements in a vehicle suspension system
What proves to be a important aspect when determining parameters of damping performed by car shock absorbers at a measuring station is the permissible spread of the course of characteristics for the given shock absorber type
Each manufacturer defines strict tolerance ranges which must contain characteristics of a finished product. It is one of the most important reasons for small differences, mainly of quantitative nature, which may occur in the given type of shock absorbers (Figure 8)
Summary
A shock absorber is one of the most important elements in a vehicle suspension system. The role of shock absorbers is to provide better handling, comfort, and safety while driving a car by controlling the damping of the relative movement between the wheel and the car body. An ideal shock absorber should guarantee constant contact with the road pavement. It must be designed in a manner ensuring durability. The shock absorber is one of the most nonlinear and complex elements to model. The absorber damping force is a strongly nonlinear function of piston velocity, being asymmetric against the velocity sign (compression and rebound). Vibration tests performed using a servohydraulic tester are intended to quantify and rank the intensity of vibrations generated by shock absorbers [10]
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