Abstract
We have established a novel spatial heterodyne spectroscopy (SHS) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) model, relating the spectral SNR to the spectral band and resolution, which helps guide the instrument's design and optimization and assess the spectral quality. The experimental and simulation results show that the spectral resolution affects the SNR differently under different noise types and spectral characteristics of the measured targets, which fully validates the novel SHS SNR model. Despite the disadvantage of multiplexing in SHS, we determine the SNR advantage of SHS over the grating spectroscopy (GS) through rigorous theoretical derivations. In 94.34 % of the polychromatic light detections, the average SNR of SHS is 2–31 times higher than that of GS. In emission spectra detections, the SNR gain of SHS relative to GS is up to 1–2 orders of magnitude. In additive noise domination, the SNR gain reaches 1–3 orders of magnitude.
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