Analysis of Setaria glauca (L.) P. Beauv. Population’s Vital Parameters in Grain Agrophytocenoses

Olena Tykhonova,Maryna Sherstiuk,Mykola Bashtovyi,Viktoriia Skliar,Kateryna Kyrylchuk,Andrii Butenko

doi:10.5755/j01.erem.77.1.25489

Olena Tykhonova, Maryna Sherstiuk + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.77.1.25489

Copy DOI

Abstract

The paper presents the results of research on key vital parameters of a one-year late spring segetal species Setaria glauca (L.) P. Beauv. in crops of grain and legumes in the conditions of the north-rast forest-steppe Ukraine. It has been observed that in S. glauca there is a statistically significant change in the complex population characteristics, in particular, indicators of development of the vegetative sphere and reproductive organs against the background of changes in the field conditions. It turns out that the values of the main morphometric parameters and their dynamics in weed plants statistically significantly change by gradient of different crops, which are dominant agrocenoses and significantly affect the development of segetal wild species. It is proved that each cultivated plant is an edificator of agrocenosis and has a significant phytocoenotic effect on the state of S. glauca populations. The study found that favorable conditions for the development of weed emerged in fields of peas and winter wheat, while the crops of winter rye and buckwheat significantly inhibited the development of S. glauca populations. Knowledge of the dynamics of vital parameters of S. glauca populations under various field conditions allows the effective application of the system of anti-weed crop rotation, which allows controlling the clogging of fields using environmentally safe methods without application of herbicides.

Highlights

The problem of regulating weed abundance in areas planted with cultivated plants is complex and ambiguous
The vegetative plant population research in agrophytocenoses of cultivated plants aiming at their growth features and development study lasts more than one year and remains relevant because modern agribusiness built on the uncontrolled application of pesticides in recent decades has led to such negative phenomena as the decrease in resistance to modern storm varieties of cultivated plants, emergence of varieties of weeds resistant to chemical influence, soil and groundwater contamination by pesticides, accumulation of residual amounts in product crop production, and decline in overall biodiversity in the agrosphere
Weeds play a positive role in the formation of agrocenosis, soil health and improve other parameters of agroecosystems: they mitigate the effect of monoculture on agrophytocenosis, provide beneficial entomophages with a habitat that supports biodiversity (Mariushkina, 1990)

Summary

Introduction

The problem of regulating weed abundance in areas planted with cultivated plants is complex and ambiguous. The vegetative plant population research in agrophytocenoses of cultivated plants aiming at their growth features and development study lasts more than one year and remains relevant because modern agribusiness built on the uncontrolled application of pesticides in recent decades has led to such negative phenomena as the decrease in resistance to modern storm varieties of cultivated plants, emergence of varieties of weeds resistant to chemical influence, soil and groundwater contamination by pesticides, accumulation of residual amounts in product crop production, and decline in overall biodiversity in the agrosphere. A number of specialists emphasize that weeds do not harm when their number in crops is below the biological and ecological thresholds of harm (Kosenko, 1971; Morozov, 2007)

Methods

Results

Conclusion