Analysis of Serum Cytokines and Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of SOD1, SOD2, and CAT in Erysipelas Patients.

Charles C Emene,Albert A Rizvanov,Gulnaz I Aibatova,Irina E Kravchenko

doi:10.1155/2017/2157247

Charles C Emene, Albert A Rizvanov + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2157247

Copy DOI

Abstract

Increased free radical production had been documented in group A (β-hemolytic) streptococcus infection cases. Comparing 71 erysipelas patients to 55 age-matched healthy individuals, we sought for CAT, SOD1, and SOD2 single polymorphism mutation (SNPs) interactions with erysipelas' predisposition and serum cytokine levels in the acute and recovery phases of erysipelas infection. Whereas female patients had a higher predisposition to erysipelas, male patients were prone to having a facial localization of the infection. The presence of SOD1 G7958, SOD2 T2734, and CAT C262 alleles was linked to erysipelas' predisposition. T and C alleles of SOD2 T2734C individually were linked to patients with bullous and erythematous erysipelas, respectively. G and A alleles of SOD1 G7958A individually were associated with lower limbs and higher body part localizations of the infection, respectively. Serum levels of IL-1β, CCL11, IL-2Rα, CXCL9, TRAIL, PDGF-BB, and CCL4 were associated with symptoms accompanying the infection, while IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, G-CSF, and VEGF were associated with predisposition and recurrence of erysipelas. While variations of IL-1β, IL-7, IL-8, IL-17, CCL5, and HGF were associated with the SOD2 T2734C SNP, variations of PDFG-BB and CCL2 were associated with the CAT C262T SNP.

Highlights

Erysipelas is an acute bacterial infection of the upper part of the dermis and superficial lymphatic vessels
Group A (β-hemolytic) streptococcus (GAS) bacteria are the main causative agent for erysipelas that often began with breakages on the skin barriers allowing the microorganism to penetrate into the skin [3]
It is believed that the severity of the disease and its fatality rate are associated with penicillin-resistant GAS [6]

Summary

Introduction

Erysipelas is an acute bacterial infection of the upper part of the dermis and superficial lymphatic vessels. In addition to nonspecific symptoms of fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting, erysipelas has unique clinical features of infection including skin lesions, intense erythema, tenderness, and swelling of the lymph nodes. Diagnosis of erysipelas is largely based on clinical findings, but laboratory diagnosis of group A streptococcal infections is still largely used to identify the causative organism. The commonly accepted antibiotic for the treatment of erysipelas is penicillin, but it is important to note that since the 1980s, cases of severe invasive penicillin-resistant GAS diseases have been on the rise [4] and that to date, no licensed vaccines against GAS have been designed. There are 18 million cases of severe GAS-related infections annually reported, with approximately 2.3% fatality [5]. It has been shown that GAS-induced production of free radicals plays several roles in the pathogenesis of infections [1]. Free radicals can inhibit the immune system’s ability to identify and eliminate GAS

Methods

Results

Conclusion