Abstract
The composition of contamination deposited on transmission line insulators can affect their surface flashover voltage. Currently, there is no rapid on-line method to detect this contamination composition in power grids. In this paper, we applied laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to analyze contamination on insulator surfaces. Usually, Na and Ca salts are found in contamination along with various sulfate, carbonate, and chloride compounds. As an element’s detection method, LIBS can only measure a certain element content, for example, Ca. The mixture of various compounds with the same cations can influence the LIBS signal. The influence of mixing ratios on the calibration curves and relative spectral intensity was studied via LIBS. Na2CO3, NaHCO3, CaSO4, and CaCO3 samples containing different proportions of Na and Ca were prepared. The linear correlation coefficients (R2) for the Na and Ca calibration curves generated using various mixing ratios were analyzed. The results showed that the mixture ratio did not dramatically affect the linear calibration curves for mixtures containing the same cations. This finding may significantly reduce the difficulty of applying LIBS analysis for complex contamination on insulators. The laser energy density had effects on the spectral characteristics of the measured elements. The partial least-square regression (PLSR) model can improve the accuracy of Na and Ca prediction.
Highlights
Insulators are key components on transmission lines because they provide sufficient insulation space between the conductor line and the ground
In heavy fog or rainy weather, the soluble components in the contamination can dissolve in the water and form conductive paths on the insulator surfaces, reducing the flashover voltage and causing discharge and even accidental flashover
In China, there were several power outage incidents in the 1990s due to transmission flashover caused by contamination deposited on insulators in heavy fog weather [2]
Summary
Insulators are key components on transmission lines because they provide sufficient insulation space between the conductor line and the ground. Contamination or pollution is inevitably deposited on insulator surfaces and consists of dust, particles, and other airborne substances This contamination cannot be avoided because transmission lines are the main energy transport channel for every grid. In China, there were several power outage incidents in the 1990s due to transmission flashover caused by contamination deposited on insulators in heavy fog weather [2]. This phenomenon was deemed surface flashover in high-voltage engineering and has become a topic of interest in this field. Compounds containing various ratios of Na and Ca were designed and analyzed to determine the effects of these mixture ratios on the LIBS calibration results
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