Analysis of RSM Based BBD and CCD Techniques Applied for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cotton-Seed Cooking Oil via Ultrasound Method

Abstract

Biodiesel was produced from the waste cotton-seed cooking oil with methanol in presence of the calcium oxide catalyst by the ultrasound-assisted transesterification method. The ultrasonication approach was used for biodiesel production as it significantly lower reaction time and is highly energy-efficient. This paper-work focused on the optimization of biodiesel production parameters methanol: oil molar ratio (A), CaO amount (B), process temperature (C) using the two different response surface methodology (RSM) such as box-behnken design and central composite design (CCD). Also a comparison of the results of the box-behnken design (BBD) and central composite design (CCD) has been carried out. Quadratic polynomial equations are obtained by investigating the experimental yield of the transesterification process. The impact of process parameters on biodiesel yield is discussed by various plots. It was found that the foremost influential parameter on biodiesel production was the CaO amount based on both BBD and CCD methods. A critical relationship with experimental results in BBD method R2 value is 97.73%, while within the case of the CCD method R2 value is 99.90%. The Optimized process parameters for the CaO catalyst were determined as Methanol: oil molar ratio: 12:1; CaO amount (w/w)%: 1%; reaction temperature: 50°C; and the corresponding yield: 96.45% for BBD and CCD methods, respectively.