Abstract

目的探讨t(8;21)急性髓系白血病(AML)异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后复发的影响因素。方法对2008年1月至2020年10月期间在中国医学科学院血液病医院接受allo-HSCT的t(8;21) AML患者进行回顾性分析。结果73例t(8;21) AML患者纳入研究,男39例,女34例,中位年龄36(13~54)岁。73例患者中10例出现血液学复发,3年累积复发率(CIR)为15.7%(95%CI 7.3%~26.8%),中位复发时间为9.2(2.0~47.6)个月。73例患者中19例死亡,移植后3年总生存(OS)率为68.9%(95%CI 56.4%~81.4%)。移植后3个月内融合基因下降≥3个对数级组移植后3年CIR明显低于下降<3个对数级组[13.3%(95%CI 4.5%~26.8%)对57.1%(95%CI 13.2%~85.6%),P<0.001];移植后12个月内融合基因水平下降≥4个对数级组移植后3年CIR明显低于下降<4个对数级组[5.1%(95%CI 0.9%~15.4%)对25.0%(95%CI 0.3%~71.3%),P<0.001]。Cox多因素分析显示移植当天造血干细胞回输前(0 d)RUNX1-RUNX1T1融合基因高定量(≥1.58%)[P=0.006,HR=28.849(95%CI 2.680~310.524)]及初诊时骨髓流式细胞术原始细胞比例≥60%[P=0.015,HR=6.640(95%CI 1.448~30.457)]是血液学复发的独立危险因素;c-Kit及Flt3基因突变对移植后血液学复发无明显影响(P=0.877,P=0.773)。初诊时骨髓流式细胞术原始细胞比例≥60%[P<0.001,HR=8.925(95%CI 2.702~29.476)]、达到完全缓解所需的疗程数≥2个[P=0.013,HR=4.495(95%CI 1.379~14.649)]是影响OS的独立危险因素。结论0 d RUNX1-RUNX1T1融合基因定量水平≥1.58%及初诊时骨髓流式细胞术原始细胞比例≥60%是影响t(8;21) AML患者allo-HSCT后血液学复发的独立危险因素。移植后RUNX1-RUNX1T1融合基因监测有助于评估复发的危险性。

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