Analysis of risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia in comprehensive ICU and nursing strategy

Abstract

Objective To investigate the risk factors and nursing strategy of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care unit (ICU),and provide reference for preventing and controlling VAP.Methods Totals of 168 cases with mechanical ventilation (MV) duration over 48 hours in ICU from Jan 2011 to Dec 2011 were studied.The clinical epidemiological characteristics and treatment process were recorded.The risk factors of VAP were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results Totally 60 VAP cases among 168 patients were collected,the incidence of VAP was 35.7％.The univariate analysis showed that enteral nutrition,mechanical ventilation type,tracheotomy,infections at other sites,the number of antibiotics,ventilator time and total hospital days and ICU days were important risk factors of VAP.Logistic regression analysis showed that mechanical ventilation type (OR =10.945,P ＜0.05),the number of antibiotics (OR =1.653,P ＜0.01) and ICU hospital days (OR =1.111,P ＜ 0.01) were independently associated with VAP.Conclusions Because of many risks factors,the patients in ICU are the high risk group of VAP.Specific measures should be taken to prevent the incidence of VAP,such as:reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation,ICU length of stay and invasive treatment Etc. Key words: Intensive care unit; Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Risk factors; Logistic regression analysis