Analysis of risk factors for recurrence of spinal giant cell tumor

Abstract

Objective To investigate the factors related to the local recurrence of spine giant cell tumor (GCT) after surgical treatment and provide a reference for the treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis of GCT of the spine from January 2000 to June 2016 was conducted. A total of 73 patients with GCT of the spine who underwent surgical treatment in Giant Cell Tumor Team of China (GTOC) were collected, including 29 males and 44 females. The average age was 33.73±11.34 years (range: 13-60 years). Clinical characteristics including gender, age, history of recurrence, tumor position, Ennecking stage, Frankel score, clinical symptoms, surgery procedures, surgical approach, preoperative selective artery embolism (PAE), radiotherapy and bisphosphonate treatment history are collected. The correlation between the factors and tumor recurrence were analyzed by single factor analysis and multiple-factor logistic regression. Results The mean follow-up time was 61.81±53.21 months (range: 4-210 months). Surgical procedures, bisphosphonate treatment, history of recurrence and radiotherapy were found significant correlation with tumor recurrence by single factor analysis. The result of multiple-factor logistic regression showed that surgical procedures (P=0.026) and bisphosphonate treatment (P=0.017) were independent risk factors for tumor recurrence. Conclusion Total spondylectomy and bisphosphonate treatment could significantly reduce the recurrence rate of GCT of the spine. Key words: Spine; Giant cell tumor of bone; Recurrence; Prognosis