Analysis of related risk factors for hospital-acquired lower respiratory infection in patients with hematologic malignancies after chemotherapy

Abstract

Objective To investigate the related risk factors for hospital-acquired lower respiratory infection in patients with hematologic malignancies after chemotherapy. Methods The 287 patients with hematologic malignancies from April 2011 to October 2013 were selected as the subjects, the clinical data and related laboratory tests were collected, the risk factors for hospital-acquired lower respiratory infection were analyzed though the single factor and multi-factor Logistic regression analysis. Results Among the 287 cases, 47 cases showed lower respiratory infection, the incidence of infection was 18.6%; multiple myeloma had the highest infection rate, the infection rate was 24.1%, the proportion of infections in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia was the most larges, accounting for 40.4% of all infections; 59 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the 47 cases including gram-negative (G-) bacilli, gram positive (G+ ) cocci, fungus, accounting for 57.6%, 28.8% and 13.5% respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae, e. coli and staphylococcus aureus were the most common three pathogens. Multi-factor classification Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.683), smoking index (OR=3.217), serum albumin (OR=2.764), granulocyte absolute value (OR=4.525), the ECOG score (OR=3.136), QOL score (OR=2.875), preventive use of antibiotics (OR=1.864), hospitalization stays (OR=3.871) were high risk factors for hospital-acquired lower respiratory infection in patients after chemotherapy. Conclusions A variety of mixed high factors can lead to hospital-acquired lower respiratory infection in patients with hematologic malignancies after chemotherapy, measures of infection control should be strengthen to control all kinds of risk factors, in order to reduce the incidence of patients with lower respiratory tract infection. Key words: Hematologic malignancies; Lower respiratory tract infection; Risk factor; Hospital infection