Analysis of Random Mobility Models on Zone Routing Protocol Performance in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

Abstract

MANET is a network that has infrastructure-less architecture between nodes that are interconnected and move in a wireless network. Massive movement of nodes in MANET will trigger the risk of a connection failure between nodes, causing the communication process to be interrupted. Therefore, the movement of nodes in the MANET is indicated by the mobility model. The right selection of mobility model is important because it can affect the routing selection scheme as well as the performance obtained by the routing protocol used. One of the routing protocols in MANET that can be used to test the mobility model is Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP). ZRP is a hybrid type routing protocol that combines the concept of reactive and proactive routing protocols. This study will analyze several mobility models, such as Random Waypoint, Random Direction, and Random Walk on the performance of ZRP protocol. The study used the NS-2.35 simulator with several scenarios in the form of node variations and size variations of simulations area. The results of the research were conducted based on the metrics, such as end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and routing overhead. Based on the node variations scenario, for end-to-end delay test show the Random Direction had the lowest value of 0.666 ms. In the PDR test, Random Walk got the highest average percentage of 94.72 %. Meanwhile, in the routing overhead, Random Walk got the lowest average score of 3414.098 packages. Based on the size variation of simulations area, end-to-end delay testing shows the Random Walk and Random Waypoint are better for large areas, while Random Direction for small areas. In PDR testing, Random Walk and Random Waypoint are better used in large areas, while Random Direction for small areas. Random Walk is suitable for use in small or large areas.