Analysis of qualitative and quantitative morphological traits related to yield in country bean (Lablab purpureus L. sweet) genotypes

Abstract

Country bean is a grain legume extensively farmed for its multi-purpose uses, yet the traits related to yield are are poorly studied and yet unexplored. A study on the diversity of qualitative and quantitative morphological characteristics concerning yield among the country bean germplasms collected from Bangladesh identified considerable variation in the studied traits across the germplasms and identified a complex correlation between the qualitative and quantitative traits. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) detected five components that contributed 66.38% qualitative traits and six components contributed 74.49% quantitative traits to total variations. Eigenvalues indicated that a majority of color-related qualitative traits included cotyledon, leaf, vein, seed, flower, and petals contributed, in contrast,a majority of the seed, leaf, flower, and inflorescence-related quantitative traits contributed to the total diversity of the Lablab germplasms. Among the quantitative traits, the highest coefficient of variation (CV%) was found in average pod weight (50.98%), followed by the total number of spikes per plant (43.82%), while seed length, pod weight, length, width, thickness, number of flower/spike, spike length, and total no of spikes/plant all had more than 20.00 percent CV, suggesting suitability to use in the breeding of high yielding genotypes. The germplasms are grouped into four and three clusters based on quantitative and qualitative traits, suggesting quantitative characters offer better clustering of genotypes. Considering the above traits, our research found that the BD-10804, BD-10807, BD-11091, BD-10808, BD-10815, and BD-11089 and cultivar Goal Goda Lablab beans germplasms produced higher pod weight with corresponding higher pod length, width, and thickness suggesting to use them as high yielding genotypes for food and fodder purposes.