Abstract
The operation of a quadrature hybrid as a power combiner is analyzed using four-port scattering parameters model. The analytical results are compared with data measured experimentally using a 211 MHz cavity. Graphical solutions of the measured cases for different cavity phases are in good agreement with analytical predictions. The use of the 90°-hybrid as an RF circulator is also analyzed. The active operation of the harmonic cavity in the NSLS VUV-ring is used as an example for this application. This fourth-harmonic cavity is used to change the shape of the bucket potential to lengthen a stored bunch. Thus, a longer stored-beam lifetime can be achieved without compromising the high brightness of the VUV photon beam. If operated actively, the harmonic cavity would present a mismatched load to an RF generator. A circulator would allow for better operation of the RF generator. It would also minimize the generator-accelerating cavity-beam-harmonic cavity-generator coupling. In this paper, we use the harmonic cavity case as an example for the use of the 90°-hybrid as a circulator. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of the 90°-hybrid as a circulator are discussed.
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