Analysis of pure nanofluid (GO/engine oil) and hybrid nanofluid (GO–Fe3O4/engine oil): Novel thermal and magnetic features

Abstract

Abstract Hybrid nanofluids can provide better physical strength, thermal conductivity, and mechanical resistance in many thermodynamic systems than pure nanofluids. To establish the novel results, using superior types of hybrid nanoparticles like graphene oxide (GO) and iron oxide (Fe3O4) is the main focus of recent work. This study investigates the innovative thermal and magnetic features of both pure nanofluid GO/engine oil (EO) and hybrid nanofluid GO–Fe3O4 /EO under the simultaneous effects of induced as well as applied magnetic field. The chemical reaction phenomenon together with activation energy has also been taken into account. A novel algorithm based on order reduction and finite difference discretization is developed in order to numerically treat the problem. The efficiency of the code is appraised by a numerical comparison which is found to be in a good correlation with the existing results. From the consequences of this study, it is deduced that the reduction in induced magnetic field and fluid’s velocity (in case of either pure or hybrid nanofluid) is associated with the enlarging values of magnetic Prandtl number and induced magnetic field parameter. Further, activation energy is responsible for enhancement in concentration. The hybrid nano-composition of GO–Fe3O4/EO can provide the thermal stability, prevent the corrosion and make the liquid to stay in high temperature.