Abstract
Mycosporine- like amino acids (MAAs) are small (<400Da), colourless, water soluble compounds composed of cyclohexenone or cyclohexinimine chromophere conjugated with the nitrogen substituent of amino acid or its amino alcohol. These compounds are known for their UV- absorbing role in various organisms and seem to have evolutionary significance. The biosynthesis of MAAs is presumed to occur via the first part of shikimate pathway. In the present work two cyanobacteria Synechocystis PCC 6803 and Anabaena cylindrica were tested for their ability to synthesize MAAs and protein involved in the production of MAAs. It was found that protein sequence 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase is involved in producing mycosporine glycine in Synechocystis PCC 6803 and 3-dehydroquinate synthase is involved for producing shinorine in Anabaena cylindrica. Phylogenetic and bioinformatic analysis of Mycosporine like amino acid producing protein sequence of both cyanobacterial species Synechocystis PCC 6803 and Anabaena cylindrica provide a useful framework to understand the relationship of the different forms and how they have evolved from a common ancestor. These products seem to be conserved but the residues are prone to variation which might be due the fact that different cyanobacteria show different physiological process in response of Ultraviolet stress.
Highlights
Cyanobacterial species are the aerobic, photosynthetic, gram negative, nitrogen fixing bacteria varying in size and shapes evolved 3.5 billion years ago in Precambrian period, cosmopolitan in distribution
We have selected two cyanobacterial species Anabaena cylindrica and Synechocystis PCC 6803 which are good UV-stress tolerant species along with salinity, heat, oxidative, alkali, drought, water stress, radioactive resistance tolerant ability. Our aim in this present work is comparative analysis of 3-dehydroquinate synthase, key enzyme for the synthesis of shinorine compound in Anabaena cylindrica and 3phosphoshikimate-1-carboxyvinyl transferase a key enzyme for Methodology: Selection of protein sequences from cyanobacteria Synechocystis PCC 6803 and Anabaena cylindrica The Cyanobacterial protein sequence 3-phosphoshikimate 1carboxyvinyltransferase for producing mycosporine glycine in Synechocystis PCC 6803 and 3-dehydroquinate synthase for producing shinorine in Anabaena cylindrica was retrieved from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database through their entrez search
The work started by performing Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) on base protein sequence (3- dehydroquinate synthase) of Anabaena cylindrica and (3-phosphoshikimate-1-carboxyvinyl transferase) of Synechocystis PCC6803, with the help of BLAST results and another parameters like Max.score, E-value / Max.identity of the similar sequences related to protein base sequence were found and were successfully downloaded from NCBI databases
Summary
Cyanobacterial species are the aerobic, photosynthetic, gram negative, nitrogen fixing bacteria varying in size and shapes (single cell, filamentous cell, colonial cell form) evolved 3.5 billion years ago in Precambrian period, cosmopolitan in distribution. The synthesis of mycosporine glycine production in Synechocystis PCC 6803 species with the help of bioinformatic tools and to find out the level of conservation and variability regions in the other 16 (sixteen) cyanobacterial species along with these 2(two) species (Anabaena cylindrica and Synechocystis PCC 6803) for proteins evolved in MAA production pathway.
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