Analysis of promising varieties and forms of raspberries of the repair type of fruiting by a complex of signs in the conditions of the Orenburg region

Abstract

Today, it is important to study the interaction of the genotype of red raspberry plants and climatic conditions. The study included 12 varieties and forms of primocane raspberry selection of the Kokino base station of Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery and the Orenburg branch of the Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery. The following signs were studied: the number of berries on the lateral, the average weight of the berry, productivity, the content of sugars, soluble solids, ascorbic acid in berries. It was found that the genotype of the variety and form has the greatest influence on the average weight of berries (97.6 %), productivity (79.7 %), soluble dry substances (76.0 %), and the number of berries on the lateral, the content of sugars and ascorbic acid is 60.0-53.0 %. A positive correlation was found between the average weight of berries and productivity (R=0.85). According to the results of clustering, it was revealed that at the level of 20 standard units, two groups are distinguished (in the first - 7 varieties and forms, in the second – 5). The varieties and forms included in the first group had the maximum productivity and average weight of berries in the climatic conditions of the Orenburg region. When comparing the average values of traits using the t - Student criterion, it was revealed that the average berry weight and productivity from the bush had statistical differences between the first and second clusters (t = 4.78 and 4.91 at p<0.01, respectively). Based on the data obtained, it was revealed that more significant differences in Euclidean distances are noted for the varieties Gerakl – 0.64, Jar ptica – 0.59, Arisha – 0.57, Oranjevoe chudo – 0.46, 1-80 – 0.43, which realized their productivity potential in different years of cultivation and are of interest both for cultivation in the conditions of the Orenburg region and for their further use in breeding.