Abstract
This article investigates the queueing system of the primary user (PU) in a spectrum-sharing cognitive environment when the cognitive transmission satisfies the PU's outage probability constraint. The primary queueing model is investigated under a cooperative cognitive scheme as well. The performance measures are compared to those in a Rayleigh channel. Because of the random channel outages, an $$M/G/1$$ M / G / 1 model is found appropriate to describe the PU's queueing system even though the PU transmits its data at a constant rate. The queueing performance measures are investigated; these measures include mean service time, server utilization, mean waiting and transit times, and mean number of waiting and transit packets. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the PU's queue measures under Rayleigh, cognitive, and cooperative cognitive modes.
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