Abstract
Pole-to-Pole (PTP) faults are considered as the most severe type of faults that may occur on the DC side of Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) in High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission systems. It is indispensable to study this type of fault to understand its characteristics that enable design of respective protection systems. This paper analyzes PTP faults in MMCs with common Half-Bridge (HB) and Full-Bridge (FB) submodule structures. Dividing the duration of the fault into two stages, the paper presents equivalent circuits for both the DC and AC sides of the converter for each stage. A simulation case study with a 101-level MMC is carried out in the PSCAD/EMTDC simulator for both HBSM and FBSM MMCs. The results confirm the validity of the presented equivalent circuits.
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